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ABSTRACT Introduction: Sports injuries in the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee are common and serious in the field of sports and rehabilitation medicine. Objective: To observe the effect of early comprehensive rehabilitation training on knee function recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Methods: 40 patients were randomly divided into observation group (n = 19) and control group (n = 21). The control group received routine rehabilitation training and the observation group had water exercise added to their intervention. The active knee flexion range, extension range, and Lysholm score were observed before and 3 months after rehabilitation training. Results: 3 months after training, the active knee flexion range and extension range in the observation group were better than those in the control group (p< 0.05). Lysholm score in the observation group (91.2 ± 5.6) was higher than that in the control group (78.3 ± 4.8), and the difference was statistically significant (p< 0.05). Conclusions: Early systematic rehabilitation training can reduce pain and swelling and improve the function of the knee joint after operation. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
RESUMO Introdução: ferimentos no ligamento cruzado anterior do joelho são comuns e graves no campo do esporte e da medicina de reabilitação. Objetivo: Observar o efeito de um treino de reabilitação abrangente para recuperar a função do joelho depois de reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior. Métodos: 40 pacientes foram divididos aleatoriamente em um grupo observação (n=19) e um grupo controle (n=21). Ambos os grupos receberam treinamento de reabilitação de rotina, e o grupo observação recebeu também um treino com atividades físicas aquáticas. A amplitude da flexão e da extensão do joelho ativo e a pontuação na escala de Lysholm foram avaliadas antes do treinamento de reabilitação e três meses depois. Resultados: 3 meses depois do treinamento, a amplitude da flexão e da extensão do joelho ativo no grupo observação estavam melhores que no grupo controle (p<0,05). A pontuação na escala de Lysholm, para o grupo observação (91,2 ± 5,6), foi maior que para o grupo controle (78,3 ± 4,8), com diferença estatisticamente significativa (p<0,05). Conclusões: Treino sistemático de reabilitação pode reduzir dor e inchaço e melhorar a função da articulação do joelho após operação. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação de resultados de tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción: heridas en el ligamento cruzado anterior de la rodilla son comunes y graves en el campo del deporte y de la medicina de rehabilitación. Objetivo: Observar el efecto de un entrenamiento de rehabilitación abarcativa para recuperar la función de la rodilla después de reconstrucción del ligamento cruzado anterior. Métodos: Fueron divididos 40 pacientes, de forma aleatoria, en un grupo de observación (n=19) y un grupo control (n=21). Ambos grupos recibieron entrenamiento de rehabilitación de rutina, y el grupo observación recibió también un entrenamiento con actividades físicas acuáticas. La amplitud de la flexión y de la extensión de la rodilla activa y la puntuación en la escala de Lysholm fueron evaluadas antes del entrenamiento de rehabilitación y tres meses después. Resultados: 3 meses después del entrenamiento, la amplitud de la flexión y de la extensión de la rodilla activa en el grupo observación estaban mejores que en el grupo control (p<0,05). La puntuación en la escala de Lysholm, para el grupo observación (91,2 ± 5,6), fue mayor que para el grupo control (78,3 ± 4,8), con diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p<0,05). Conclusiones: Entrenamiento sistemático de rehabilitación puede reducir dolor e inflamación y mejorar la función de la articulación de la rodilla después de la operación. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de resultados de tratamiento.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of suppressing high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) on neuronal autophagy and apoptosis in rats after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats.@*METHODS@#Rat models of ICH induced by intracerebral striatum injection of 0.2 U/mL collagenase Ⅳ were treated with 1 mg/kg anti-HMGB1 mAb or a control anti-IgG mAb injected via the tail immediately and at 6 h after the operation (n=5). The rats in the sham-operated group (with intracranial injection of 2 μL normal saline) and ICH model group (n=5) were treated with PBS in the same manner after the operation. The neurological deficits of the rats were evaluated using modified neurological severity score (mNSS). TUNEL staining was used to detect apoptosis of the striatal neurons, and the expressions of HMGB1, autophagy-related proteins (Beclin-1, LC3-Ⅱ and LC3-Ⅰ) and apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2, Bax and cleaved caspase-3) in the brain tissues surrounding the hematoma were detected using Western blotting. The expression of HMGB1 in the striatum was detected by immunohistochemistry, and serum level of HMGB1 was detected with ELISA.@*RESULTS@#The rat models of ICH showed significantly increased mNSS (P < 0.05), which was markedly lowered after treatment with anti- HMGB1 mAb (P < 0.05). ICH caused a significant increase of apoptosis of the striatal neurons (P < 0.05), enhanced the expressions of beclin-1, LC3-Ⅱ, Bax and cleaved caspase-3 (P < 0.05), lowered the expressions of LC3-Ⅰ and Bcl-2 (P < 0.05), and increased the content of HMGB1 (P < 0.05). Treatment with anti-HMGB1 mAb obviously lowered the apoptosis rate of the striatal neurons (P < 0.05), decreased the expressions of Beclin-1, LC3-Ⅱ, Bax and cleaved caspase-3 (P < 0.05), increased the expressions of LC3-Ⅰ and Bcl-2 (P < 0.05), and reduced the content of HMGB1 in ICH rats (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Down- regulation of HMGB1 by anti-HMGB1 improves neurological functions of rats after ICH possibly by inhibiting autophagy and apoptosis of the neurons.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Apoptosis , Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/metabolism , Autophagy , Beclin-1 , Caspase 3/metabolism , Cerebral Hemorrhage/therapy , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , bcl-2-Associated X Protein/metabolismABSTRACT
Purpose@#This study had two objectives: 1) to develop a scale for the process of exercise engagement (SPEE) for prediabetic individuals (PDIs); 2) to validate a structural model for the process of exercise engagement for PDIs. @*Methods@#A cross-sectional survey with simple random sampling was conducted from September 2013 to December 2015 (in Taiwan). A total of 310 PDIs were enrolled for scale development and model validation via item analysis, factor analyses, and structural equation modeling. The Kuo model was used as the basis for developing the Chinese version of the SPEE for PDIs. @*Results@#The SPEE contains five subscales with a total of twenty-one items that account for 54.9% to 65.9% of the total variance explained for assessing participants’ process of engagement during exercise. For Kuo model validation, the model measures indicated goodness of fit between the Kuo model and sample data. Analysis further revealed a direct effect between the creating health blueprints (CHB) stage and the spontaneous regular exercise (SRE) stage (b=.60). @*Conclusion@#The SPEE includes five subscales for assessing the psychological transition and behavioral expression at each stage of the process of exercise engagement for PDIs. The SPEE for people with prediabetes provides deeper insights into the factors of behavioral change stages that are required to initiate long-term health care outcomes and avoid developing diabetes. These insights are significant as they allow for patient- specific mapping and behavior modification to effect exercise.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression and procoagulant activity of phosphatidylserine (PS) on the normal peripheral blood cells of adults.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Normal peripheral blood samples were collected from 10 healthy volunteers (5 ml from each volunteer), platelets, neutrophils, lymphocytes and erythrocytes were isolated. The expression and procoagulant activity of PS on normal blood cells were identified by flow cytometry, inhibition test with lactadherin as PS probe and coagulation anticoagulant, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was PS expression on a few normal blood cells (9.1%, 5.4%, 3.9% and 3.2% in platelets, neutrophils, lymphocytes and erythrocytes, respectively). The PS on these normal blood cells in vitro showed significant procoagulant activity. The plasma recalcification time was shortened by 47%, 36.5%, 25% and 12.5% by platelets, neutrophils, lymphocytes and erythrocytes, respectively; the formation of factor Xa (through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways) and thrombin was also increased by 13% - 26% by platelets, neutrophils, lymphocytes and erythrocytes, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The PS on normal blood cells in vivo may play a crucial role in the coagulation cascade.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Blood Cells , Metabolism , Physiology , Blood Coagulation Tests , Flow Cytometry , Phosphatidylserines , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM</b>To study the clinical effects of a disposable circumcision device in treatment of male patients of different ages with either phimosis or excess foreskin.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One thousand two hundred patients between the age of 5 and 95 years underwent circumcision using this procedure in the 2-year period between October 2005 and September 2007. Of these cases, 904 had excess foreskin and 296 were cases of phimosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 96.33% of the cases the incision healed, leaving a minimal amount of the inner foreskin with no scarring and producing good cosmetic results. There were no incidents of device dislocation or damage to the frenulum. The average operative time was 2.5 min for excess foreskin, and 3.5 min for phimosis. During the 7 days of wearing the device, mild to moderate edema occurred in 10.08% of cases with excess foreskin and in 2.58% of those with phimosis. Edema in the frenulum was seen in 1.67% of patients, and only 0.67% had an infection of the incision. A total of 86.25% of patients reported pain due to penile erection. After removal of the device, 0.58% of the cases had minimal bleeding around the incision, and 2.42% had wound dehiscence.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The new device can be applied to an overwhelming majority of patients with phimosis and excess foreskin. This technique is relatively simple to perform, and patients who underwent this surgery had very few complications. Antibiotics were not required and patients reported less pain than those who were circumcised using conventional methods. Circumcision with this device requires minimal tissue manipulation, and is quicker and safer than circumcision using conventional techniques.</p>